Investigating the Prevalence of Brucellosis, as an Occupational Disease, in Employees of Traditional Dairy Workshops in Sarab

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
A. Sadighi 1
H. Samadi Kafil 2
K. Maleki Chollou 3
M. Maleki 4
T. Babazadeh 5
Z. Ardeshiri 6
A. Bahadori 7
1 Medical Laboratory Sciences, Student Research Committee, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran.
2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Nursing, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran.
4 Medical Emergency, Student Research Committee, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran.
5 Department of Public Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran.
6 Nursing Reseach Committe, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran.
7 epartment of Medical Microbiology, Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
10.29252/iem.6.1.11
Abstract
Aims: Brucellosis is one of the most common diseases between humans and animals (zoonosis); one of its transmission routs is through the consumption of infected cattle dairy products. Since Sarab city has a large cattle population, and traditional dairy production and processing practices are still prevalent in this region and are known as tourist attractions and souvenirs of the region, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection in employees of traditional dairy products workshops in Sarab in 2018.

Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 196 employees of traditional dairy production and packaging workshops. Blood samples were obtained from all subjects in order to determine the serological status of the patients. After sera isolation, Rose Bengal, seroagglutination in tube (Wright), 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME), and ELISA tests were used to evaluate them.

Findings: In this study, the disease prevalence in the subjects with the mean age of 33±4.2 years was determined as 2, 1, 1, and 1% using Rose Bengal, Wright, 2-mercaptoethanol, and ELISA tests, respectively. The mean knowledge score of the employees in dairy products workshops was 31±5.7, and by increasing age and duration of work, knowledge about brucellosis was also increased

Conclusion: In this study, the mean knowledge score showed the average knowledge of the subjects about brucellosis. The disease prevalence in this occupational group was lower than that reported in other studies conducted on other at-risk occupational groups in other parts of Iran and the world. Therefore, health personnel should take the necessary measures against brucellosis.

Keywords

Subjects

1. Azizi F, Hatami H, Janghorbani M. Epidemiology and control of common diseases in Iran. Tehran: Eshtiagh Publications. 2000:602-16.
2. Farahani S, SHAHMOHAMADI S, Navidi I, Sofian S. An investigation of the epidemiology of brucellosis in Arak City, Iran,(2001-2010). 2012.
3. Heymann D. Control of communicable diseases manual: an official report of the American Public Health Association. Washington DC. World Health Organization/American Public Health Association. 2004;2.
4. Mohammadkhani M, Sharifi H, Rashidi H, Nabipour A, Jahanshahi M. Seroepidemiology of brucellosis in industrial and semi-industrial dairy personnel and veterinary network staff in kerman, 2012. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology. 2015;10(4):54-61.
5. Young EJ. An overview of human brucellosis. Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Aug;21(2):283-9; quiz 90. PubMed PMID: 8562733. Epub 1995/08/01. eng.
6. Talwani R, Gilliam BL, Howell C. Infectious diseases and the liver. Clinics in liver disease. 2011;15(1):111-30.
7. Cesur S, Çıftçi A, Sözen T, Tekeli E. A case of epididymo-orchitis and paravertebral abscess due to brucellosis. Journal of Infection. 2003;46(4):251-3.
8. Hadadi A, Rasoulinejad M, HajiAbdolbaghi M, Mohraz M, Khashayar P. Clinical profile and management of brucellosis in Tehran–Iran. Acta Clinica Belgica. 2009;64(1):11-5.
9. Hashemifar I, Yadegar A, Jazi FM, Amirmozafari N. Molecular prevalence of putative virulence-associated genes in Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus isolates from human and livestock specimens in Iran. Microbial pathogenesis. 2017;105:334-9.
10. Hull NC, Schumaker BA. Comparisons of brucellosis between human and veterinary medicine. Infection ecology & epidemiology. 2018;8(1):1500846.
11. Ramin B, MacPherson P. Human brucellosis. Bmj. 2010;341:c4545.
12. Roya N, Abbas B. Colorectal cancer trends in Kerman province, the largest province in Iran, with forecasting until 2016. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2013;14(2):791-3.
13. Kaboutari J, Sharifi H, Yousefzade A, Mashayekhi K, Khoshkam M, Afsharipour N. Seroprevalence of ovine and caprine anti-Brucella antibodies in south of Kerman province (Iran, 2012). Journal of Veterinary Research. 2015;70(4).
14. Çetinkaya F, Naçar M, Aydın T, Koç N, Gökahmetoğlu S. Prevalence of brucellosis in the rural area of Kayseri, Central Anatolia, Turkey. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2006;10(2):179-81.
15. Richtzenhain LJ, Cortez A, Heinemann MB, Soares RM, Sakamoto SM, Vasconcellos SA, et al. A multiplex PCR for the detection of Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. DNA from aborted bovine fetuses. Veterinary Microbiology. 2002;87(2):139-47.
16. Leal-Klevezas DS, Martínez-Vázquez IO, Lopez-Merino A, Martínez-Soriano JP. Single-step PCR for detection of Brucella spp. from blood and milk of infected animals. Journal of clinical microbiology. 1995;33(12):3087-90.
17. Mohraz M, Kariminia A, Sarafnejad A. The Evaluation of Serologic Test (Elisa) in Brucellosis identification at Imam Khomaini Hospital. Infectious and Tropical disease. 2003;8(23):10-3.
18. Mathai E, Singhal A, Verghese S, D'Lima D, Mathai D, Ganesh A, et al. Evaluation of an ELISA for the diagnosis of brucellosis. Indian J Med Res. 1996 Jun;103:323-4. PubMed PMID: 8707374. Epub 1996/06/01. eng.
19. Akbarmehr J, Ghiyamirad M. Serological survey of brucellosis in livestock animals in Sarab City (East Azarbayjan province), Iran. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2011;5(10):1220-3.
20. Chegeni AS, Ezatpour B, Saki M, Mokhayeri H, Adavi S, Nasiri E, et al. Seroepidemiology of human brucellosis in nomads in a rural area of Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. 2014;4(4):333-6.
21. Hashemi SH, Torkaman Asadi F, Alikhani MY, Naseri Z. Comparison of culture and serological methods for the diagnosis of brucellosis. Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2015;22(1):37-42.
22. Shahnavazi M, Gholamreza M, Ansari-Moghadam A, Raeisy D, Varnamkhasti Khashei F. Preventive Behaviors of Brucellosis in Khash City Ranchers Based on Health Belief Model. Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion. 2017;4(4):281-8.
23. Nikokar I, Hosseinpour M, Asmar M. Seroprevalence of Brucellosis among high risk individuals in Guilan, Iran. Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2011;16(10):1366.
24. Otlu S, Sahin M, Atabay H, Unver A. Serological investigations of brucellosis in cattle, farmers and veterinarians in the Kars district of Turkey. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2008;77(1):117-21.
25. Hussain I, Arshad MI, Mahmood MS, Akhtar M. Seroprevalence of brucellosis in human, cattle, and buffalo populations in Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2008;32(4):315-8.
26. Vahdat K, Jafary SM, Hashemi SM. Seroepidemiological prevalence of brucellosis in livestock breeders of the central rural area of Bushehr province 2003-4. ISMJ. 2006;9(1):51-8.
27. Mohammadian M, Salehiniya H, Kazaei S, Ramazanpour J, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A. Epidemiological characteristics and incidence rate of brucellosis in Isfahan province, Iran, 2012. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2015;33(355):75-82.
28. Almasi-Hashiani A, Khodayari M, Eshrati B, Shamsi M. Factors affecting the interval between the onset and diagnosis of brucellosis in Markazi Province, Iran (2010-11). Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2012;14(7):21-30.
29. Elbeltagy K. An epidemiological profile of brucellosis in Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia. 2001.
30. Ghasemi B, Mohammadian B, MAJIDPOUR M. Epidemiology of human and animal brucellosis in Kurdistan Province in 1997-2001. 2004.
31. Joint F, Organization WH. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Brucellosis [meeting held in Geneva from 12 to 19 November 1985]: sixth report. 1986.
32. Center MM, Jemal A, Lortet-Tieulent J, Ward E, Ferlay J, Brawley O, et al. International variation in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. European urology. 2012;61(6):1079-92.
33. Seleem MN, Boyle SM, Sriranganathan N. Brucellosis: a re-emerging zoonosis. Veterinary microbiology. 2010;140(3-4):392-8.
Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology
Volume 6, Issue 1
February 2020
Pages 11-19