Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant, Extensively Drug-Resistant, and Pandrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Clinical Specimens

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
F. poudineh
A. Ahani Azari
L. Fozouni
Department of Microbiology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
10.29252/iem.6.3.211
Abstract
Aims: Recently, overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria and infectious diseases caused by these organisms, increasing morbidity and mortality rate in patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a common Gram-negative pathogen is predominantly responsible for hospital-acquired infections. In this study, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) P. aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimens of patients admitted to a teaching hospital in Gorgan, Iran, was determined.

Materials & Methods: Clinical samples of blood, urine, burn wound, eye, and secretions (pleural fluid, tracheal or bronchial aspirates and sputum) were collected from all hospitalized patients during a three-month period from April to June 2019. Using conventional biochemical methods, P. aeruginosa strains were identified, and the antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.

Findings: A total of 40 (25.4%) P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from 377 clinical specimens. Most of the P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from wound (35%) and urine (30%) samples. Most of the P. aeruginosa positive samples were recovered from intensive care unit (32.5%) and burn ward (30%). The highest susceptibility was shown to fosfomycin (100%), and the lowest susceptibility was observed to ceftazidime (87.5%), followed by aztreonam (60%). Based on the results, 52.5 and 20% of the isolates were MDR and XDR, respectively. All of the MDR isolates exhibited susceptibility to colistin. No PDR phenotype was observed.

Conclusion: Continuous monitoring of drug resistant strains among clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa must be done to adopt effective strategies to decrease the threat of antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords

Subjects

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Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology
Volume 6, Issue 3
August 2020
Pages 211-217