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Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract
Aims: Drug abuse among college students continues as a major public-health concern. Theory-driven research is necessary to address and find causes. The current research investigates the utility of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in designing and implementing a drug abuse educational prevention program among medical college students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 120 college students in two groups: experimental and control, who were randomly enrolled at the baseline survey. We used a questionnaire, which included three sections of background data (11 questions), knowledge about the side effects of drug abuse questionnaire (16 questions), and TPB-based questionnaire (20 questions). Educational planning was based on active learning with using group discussion, printed leaflet, and audio-visual CD. The participants were followed up after 2-month intervention. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 16 using appropriate statistical tests such as stepwise multiple logistic regressions and t-test. Findings: Almost 6.7% of the participants had a history of drug abuse. The three predictors of 1) attitude, 2) subjective norms, and 3) perceived behavioral control accounted for 48 % of the variation in the outcome measure of the intention to drug abuse. There was a significant improvement in average response for knowledge about the side effects of drug abuse and TPB variables among the students who were under intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Designing intervention to reduce positive attitude and subjective norms toward drug abuse among college students could be useful to substance abuse prevention.
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
... But its a letter to editor!
Volume 7, Issue 1 (Winter 2022)
Abstract
Aim: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the chronic diseases and are the main cause of long-term physical disability. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders and a devastating disease and is the fourth leading cause of disability in the world that causes severe pain, decreased
function, decreased social interaction and ultimately quality of life in patients. There is no definitive cure for osteoarthritis of the knee, because the changes caused by this complication are irreversible, but the clinical symptoms can be reduced and tissue damage can be delayed. Non-pharmacological therapies such as physiotherapy and exercise therapy, if positive, can play an important role in treating this disease preventing the unpleasant complications of the disease. Among the treatments for osteoarthritis, exercise therapy and knee protection behaviors seem to be one of the most effective, inexpensive and without side effects.
Conclusion: Given the increasing prevalence of osteoarthritis in women and their susceptibility to many diseases and other problems caused by not performing knee protection behaviors in women with osteoarthritis, communities should make this health problem as a priority to be solved. In this review the prevalence, complication, risk factors and pain management of knee osteoarthritis have been discussed.
Volume 8, Issue 4 (Fall 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Knee osteoarthritis (KO) is one of the most common Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) that causes severe pain, decreased function and range of motion, reduced income,decreased social interaction, and ultimately the quality of life in patients. As many studies indicated that KO is common among women, this study aimed to assess the risk factors of Knee osteoarthritis in women Between 40 and 55 years.
Method and Materials: In this descriptive-analytical study, 198 were selected randomly, of whom based on inclusion criteria, 100 participants were eligible and included in the study. To obtain the level of protection behaviors a 38-item self-design checklist was used.
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to measure knee pain severity and knee functions. Moreover, a selfefficacy questionnaire and a muscle strength questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed through the analytical tests by using SPSS version 24 and.
Findings: This study showed there is a significant relationship between knee osteoarthritis and various factors such as age, body mass index, educational status, other diseases (blood pressure and diabetes), muscle strength, daily housewives performance, knee-protective behaviors, self-efficacy in the field of knee-protective behaviors (P <0.05 in all instances).
Conclusion: As this study indicated the majority of the risk factors associated with knee pain due to osteoarthritis can be controlled, so providing educational - training programs for women to reduce knee osteoarthritis is strongly recommended.
Volume 10, Issue 3 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Aims: Our study aimed to find the association between general and central obesity with peers influence, home food environment, and out-of-home food environment in Iran.
Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 15- to 18-year-old students in Yasuj, Iran selected using a stratified random sampling method. A demographic questionnaire was used and a 37-item questionnaire was used to assess the information about the peers' influence, home food environment, and out-of-home food environment. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured for all participants. Body mass index and waist-to-height ratio were calculated.
Findings: Information from 241 participants including 120 girls and 121 boys were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 16.43±0.88. None of the variables of peers influence, home food environment, and out-of-home food environment showed a significant association with anthropometric indices.
Conclusion: In our study, none of the peers' influence, home food environment and out of home food environment, could justify the participants' obesity. It seems that studies with larger sample sizes and more demographic diversity are needed.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (Fall 2019)
Abstract
Aims: One of the most important regenerative medical purposes is the production of alternative tissues with proper function. Fibroblast cells are one of the most important types of cells in the repair process that also play a role in the formation of blood vessels. Stimulation of fibroblastic cells requires the appearance of external signals to begin the proliferation and recall of other cells, as well as angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of M13 in combination with RGD peptide on fibroblastic cells.
Materials and Methods: For this study, M13 bacteriophage was first amplified and isolated. Then RGD peptide was synthesized and purified. Then, isolated mouse fibroblastic cells were culture on surfaces coated with M13 bacteriophage, bacteriophage M13 and RGD, gelatin, and surfaces without coated as a control for 48 hours. MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation and survival of cells, and then the expression of FGF-2, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A genes was measured by real-time PCR.
Findings: The results of this study showed that the M13 and RGD bacteriophage increased cell proliferation and the fibroblast cell survival rate. In addition, expression of FGF-2, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A genes in cultured fibroblasts on the M13 and RGD bacteriophages surface increased significantly.
Conclusion: Our research showed that scaffolds of M13 bacteriophage and RGD peptide are nontoxic and bio-compatible so they can be a suitable candidate for induction of repair and angiogenesis in tissue engineering.
Volume 21, Issue 151 (September 2024)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan coating and Ferulago angulate essential oil on button mushroom (Agaricus Bisporous) shelf life. Therefore, Ferulago angulate essential oil was extracted by clevenger method and whit different concentrations of chitosan (control sample without chitosan and essential oil, with 0.5% chitosan, chitosan with two different concentrations of 100 and 150 ppm) were used to coating the mushroom samples. After packing, the samples were stored in the refrigerator at 4°C for 15 days and samples were evaluated for physicochemical, structural and sensory tests every 3 days. With increasing shelf life, the hardness of all coated samples decreased and addition of chitosan to samples could have a positive effect on increase the hardness of the samples during storage, which was significantly increased by adding Ferulago angulate essential oil. All color parameters were significantly retained (P<0.05) By adding chitosan which the addition of essential oils exacerbated these conditions. Using the chitosan significantly (p<0.05) reduced the weight loss of samples, but the addition of essential oil had no significant effect on reducing weight loss changes. The use of chitosan significantly (p <0.05) prevented the growth of total count of microorganism and molds and yeasts, and the addition of essential oil to chitosan as a preservative compound also exacerbated the inhibition of microorganism growth. Similar results were also true for color and appearance evaluation. Chitosan structure, antimicrobial properties and phenolic compounds in essential oils were the main reason for maintaining the quality of mushroom samples during storage.
