Showing 7 results for Sarvi
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Research subject: Increasing plastic wastes of the packaging industry and concerns about their environmental problems, have attracted many researchers to use biopolymers. Therefore, the preparation of cheap biodegradable films with desirable properties for using in the packaging industry can be an attractive challenge.
Research approach: In this study, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) based ternary blends were prepared by experimental design (mixture method). For this purpose, thermoplastic starch (TPS) was first prepared using 28 wt% sorbitol and 14 wt% glycerol. Then, PLA / PCL (poly (caprolactone), PCL) / TPS ternary blends at different concentrations were prepared using the melt mixing method. Morphological, physical (tensile, water vapor permeability), biodegradability, and rheological tests were also carried out. Finally, the optimum sample was determined using Minitab software.
Main results: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed incompatibility and phase separation in the blends. Moreover, with increasing PCL and TPS contents, flexibility enhanced due to the plasticization effect of PCL and mechanical properties declined, respectively. The permeability test results showed that the samples containing less TPS due to its hydrophilic nature and more PCL leads to increase the crystallinity of the matrix, had lower water vapor permeability. The effect of TPS on the biodegradability test was also well established. In this way, the sample containing 35 wt% TPS loses about 50% of its weight within 14 weeks. Finally, the sample with 50/25/25 (PLA / PCL / TPS) composition was selected as the optimum sample by Minitab software. The results showed that the formulated films in this study have the potential to be used in biodegradable packaging materials with good mechanical and barrier properties.
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
The present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary yeast cell wall (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum verum) supplementation on growth indices, serum biochemical parameters and immunity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. Using a 2×2 factorial experiment, 276 fingerlings (9.67 ± 1.20 g) were fed four different experimental diets (including control diet, diet supplemented with 1.5 % yeast cell wall or 1 % cinnamon essential oil and a diet containing 1.5 % yeast cell wall and 1 % cinnamon essential oil) for a 60-day period. At the end of the trial, specific growth rate and weight gain significantly decreased in fish fed diet supplemented with 1% cinnamon essential oil (P≤0.05), however, feed conversion ratio was not statistically differed amongst treatments (P>0.05). Fish fed diets containing 1% cinnamon essential oil had the highest hepatosomatic index (P≤0.05). The highest red blood cell count and blood hemoglobin content belonged to group fed diet containing 1% cinnamon essential oil (P≤0.05). Simultaneous feeding with yeast cell wall and cinnamon essential oil significantly resulted in higher hematocrit value. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in group fed diet containing 1.5% yeast cell wall. Dietary cinnamon essential oil supplementation also resulted in lower alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase activity of serum (P≤0.05). The highest serum total protein and globulin content and lysozyme activity were observed in fish fed diet only supplemented with yeast cell wall (P≤0.05). In conclusion, dietary cinnamon essential oil and yeast cell wall inclusion resulted in improved immunity of rainbow trout fingerlings.
Volume 6, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
An updated checklist of the scorpiofauna of Iran is presented. The checklist is based on records of scorpion species which their presence have been confirmed in Iran through field expeditions, examination of scorpion collections, literature review, and personal communications with researchers. According to the presented checklist the scorpion fauna of Iran consists of 68 valid species (41 endemic to Iran) belonging to 19 genera and four families and 6 doubtful reports (belong family Buthidae). Hemiscorpius gaillardi (Vachon, 1974) and Compsobuthus jakesi Kovařík, 2003 reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. Odontobuthus tavighiae Navidpour et al., 2013 collected for the first time from Fars province. Kraepelinia palpator (Birula, 1903) and O. tirgari Mirshamsi et al., 2013 were new record for South Khorasan province fauna. The list is dominated by members of the family Buthidae (58 species) with 85.3% of total species. The level of regional endemism exceeds 60.3%. A dichotomic identification key to the Iranian species on the basis of a DELTA database has been provided.
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2004)
Abstract
Mostafa Sarvi Moghaddam
Assistant Professor of Law, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazwin, IRAN
It is of an outstanding importance that, when signing a bilateral or multilateral treaty or convention, in which one of the legal terms such as national, citizen, subject, ressortissant and the like is involved, a correct and proper expression is selected and adopted in it. This is because the coverage of some of these terms in the laws of certain countries is much different from those in other countries. This research aimed at conducting a study on the subjects of all legal terms and expressions similar to "national and nationality" in the laws of Iran, UK, USA and France in order to show their similarities and differences. The results showed all the terms used in Iranian law hold the general meaning of national and nationality, witch cover equally all Iranians; whereas in UK's "1981 Nationality Act", three different categories of internal and overseas nationalities and citizenships are recognized. In the US legal system, the citizens and nationals are divided into two different groups: ''the US citizens and" "the nationals of United States". The number of subjects and social rights of the former are incompatible to the latter. Finally, in French law, there are four similar expressions each of which varys in number of subjects as well as social rights.
Ahmad Daryani, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Mahdi Sharif, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Sargis Aghayan, Fatemeh Rezaei,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Backgrounds: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of increasing concern to humans and animals. Considering the side effects of drugs used to treat toxoplasmosis, it is essential to find alternative drugs.
Materials & Methods: In this study, colchicine and propranolol at four concentrations (1, 5, 10, and 15 µg/mL) were added to the RPMI medium containing peritoneal macrophages and incubated for 60 min, Then tachyzoites were added to the medium, and the efficacy rates of colchicine and propranolol in inhibiting tachyzoites entry into macrophages were evaluated after 30 and 60 min. For in vivo assay, one group received no drugs, and the second group was treated with colchicine and propranolol at different concentrations for different durations.
Findings: The in vitro experiment showed that treatment with 15 mg/mL of colchicine and propranolol for 60 min following tachyzoites addition was the most efficient method to inhibit tachyzoites penetration, indicating the efficacy rates of 80.20%±1.20 and 89.97%±1.30, respectively (p< .05). Based on the in vivo test, pretreatment with 2 mg/kg of colchicine one hour before tachyzoites injection had the best inhibitory effect (70.32%±4.07). Also, pretreatment with 2 mg/kg of propranolol 90 min before tachyzoites injection (78.54%±1.99) induced the best inhibitory effect (p< .05).
Conclusion: According to the results, colchicine and propranolol could inhibit tachyzoites entrance into nucleated cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the most efficient concentrations and times for using these substances were determined.
Volume 11, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different levels of dietary supplementation with vitamin C, astaxanthin and lecithin on ionic (K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and biochemical (Total protein, cholesterol and glucose) indices of ovarian fluid, also its effect on sperm motility duration in Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) were investigated. For this purpose, nine experimental diets: C0A0L0 (0 mg kg-1 vitamin C, 0 mg kg-1 astaxanthin and 0% soybean lecithin), C300A50L0, C700A100L0, C0A50L6, C300A100L6, C700A0L6, C0A100L9, C300A0L9 and C700A50L9 were formulated and broodstocks (2.51±0.05 kg) were fed for four months. After maturation and stripping, ovarian fluid was separated for ionic and biochemical indices. To evaluate sperm motility, 1 μl of milt was placed under a microscope with fresh water (as a control treatment) or ovarian fluid of experimental fishes. Sperm motility was measured with a chronometer. Results showed that the highest amounts of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were obtained in ovarian fluid of C300A100L6, C300A100L6, C0A100L9 and C300A100L6, respectively, which were significantly different from C700A50L9 (p<0.05). Also, the highest levels of protein, cholesterol and glucose were observed in C700A50L9, C0A50L6 and C0A100L9 treatments, which were significantly different from C0A0L0 treatment (p<0.05). Lowest duration of sperm motility was obtained in fresh water (43.96±2.25 seconds) which was significantly different from other treatments (p<0.05); however, the highest sperm motility was observed in C300A100L6 and C0A100L9 treatments (80.76±2.03 and 80.7±1.76 seconds, respectively).
Volume 19, Issue 127 (September 2022)
Abstract
In this study, Alyssum homolocarpum (AH) and Lepidium sativum seed gum (LS) at different ratios 1:0, 1:1, and 0:1 utilized to encapsulate red onion extract (ROE) for beef coating through immersion. Different concentrations of ROE (400, 800, 1200 and 1600 ppm) showed high antioxidant activity due to phenolic and flavonoid compounds. In terms of mean size, the lowest particle size was observed in ROE encapsulated in Alyssum homolocarpum gum (7.4 3 89.3 nm). And nanoemulsions prepared in Lepidium sativum seed gum had higher particle size (145.7 3 2.3 nm). Negative-zeta potential was observed in all nanoemulsions. Meat samples were kept at 4 ° C for 20 days and the values of thiobarbituric acid, color indices L *, a *, b *, total bacterial count were examined at 4-day intervals. The results showed that ROE encapsulated in LS and AH was more effective in delaying the microbial and chemical reactions of coated meat fillets. Due to reduced bacterial growth, decreased thiobarbituric number and microbial growth, shelf life increased from 4 days to 16 days. This study confirmed that ROE encapsulated in the combined coating of AH and LS is a potential coating to improve the quality and shelf life of beef fillets.
