Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025)                   IEM 2025, 11(2): 95-104 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Borhani K, Abizadeh M, Nori-Koutenai F. Determining the Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and the Frequency of the Most Common Resistance Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Complex Isolates from Two Medical Centers in Tehran. IEM 2025; 11 (2) :95-104
URL: http://iem.modares.ac.ir/article-4-75414-en.html
1- Department of Biology, Tehran central branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran , k.borhani@iauctb.ac.ir
2- Department of Biology, Tehran central branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:   (548 Views)
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of nosocomial infections. Today, the increasing trend of antibiotic resistance in this bacterium has created many therapeutic challenges. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern and the presence of the most important resistance genes in A. baumannii complex clinical isolates collected from two medical centers in Tehran.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 73 clinical isolates of A. baumanii complex belong to patients hospitalized in Sina and Shariati hospitals in 2018 were obtained from the university's microbial collection. Standard biochemical tests and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) detection of the 16srRNA gene were performed to confirm A. baumannii complex isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done using disk diffusion method. Isolates with resistance to three or more antibiotic classes were defined as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The frequency of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and those responsible for resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was determined using PCR method.
Findings: A total of 73 isolates were confirmed as A. baumannii complex. The isolates showed the highest resistance (100%) to ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime They also showed high resistance to other antibiotics. Ninety-three percent of the isolates were classified as MDR. Genetic analysis confirmed the presence of blaOXA-2, aphA6, and blaVIM genes in 100% of A. baumannii complex isolates. Furthermore, the isolates contained ant (87.67%), blaIMP (65.75%), aacC1 (76.71%), aadA1 (35.61%), and aadB (61.64%) genes.
Conclusion: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii complex strains has increased among hospitalized patients, leading to significant therapeutic challenges.
Full-Text [PDF 585 kb]   (21 Downloads)    
Article Type: Original Research | Subject: Bacteriology
Received: 2024/06/2 | Accepted: 2025/03/17 | Published: 2025/04/21

References
1. Custovic A, Smajlovic J, Tihic N, Hadzic S, Ahmetagic S, Hadzagic H. Epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Med Arch. 2014;68(6):402-6. [DOI:10.5455/medarh.2014.68.402-406] [PMID] []
2. Fallah F, Noori M, Hashemi A, Goudarzi H, Karimi A, Erfanimanesh S, et al. Prevalence of blaNDM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaIMP, and blaVIM genes among Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from two hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Scientifica. 2014;2014(1):1-6. [DOI:10.1155/2014/245162] [PMID] []
3. Manuel RJ, Shin GY, Farrag N, Holliman R. Endemic carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a London hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;52(1):141-2. [DOI:10.1093/jac/dkg276] [PMID]
4. Peleg AY, Seifert H, Paterson DL. Acinetobacter baumannii: Emergence of a successful pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008;21(3):538-82. [DOI:10.1128/CMR.00058-07] [PMID] []
5. Joly-Guillou ML. Clinical impact and pathogenicity of Acinetobacter. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005;11(11):868-73. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01227.x] [PMID]
6. Vázquez-López R, Solano-Gálvez SG, Juárez Vignon-Whaley JJ, Abello Vaamonde JA, Padró Alonzo LA, Rivera Reséndiz A, et al. Acinetobacter baumannii resistance: A real challenge for clinicians. Antibiotics. 2020;9(4):205. [DOI:10.3390/antibiotics9040205] [PMID] []
7. Manchanda V, Sanchaita S, Singh N. Multidrug resistant acinetobacter. J Glob Infect Dis. 2010;2(3):291-304. [DOI:10.4103/0974-777X.68538] [PMID] []
8. Jouybari MA, Ahanjan M, Mirzaei B, Goli HR. Role of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methylase (ArmA) in resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates against aminoglycosides. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2021;54: e05992020. [DOI:10.1590/0037-8682-0599-2020] [PMID] []
9. Moghadam MN, Motamedifar M, Sarvari J, Ebrahim‑Saraie HS, Same MM, Moghadam FN. Emergence of multidrug resistance and metallo‑beta‑lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients in Shiraz, Iran. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2016;6(3):162-7. [DOI:10.4103/2141-9248.183946] [PMID] []
10. Amin M, Navidifar T, Saleh Shooshtari F, Goodarzi H. Association of the genes encoding metallo-β-lactamase with the presence of integrons among multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Drug Resist. 2019; 12:1171-80. [DOI:10.2147/IDR.S196575] [PMID] []
11. 11 Ghaima, K.K., Saadedin, S.M., Jassim, K.A. Isolation, molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Baghdad hospitals. Int J Sci Res. 2016; 6(5): 351-356.
12. Xiao S, Chu H, Han L, Zhang Z, Li B, Zhao L, et al. Resistant mechanisms and molecular epidemiology of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Mol Med Rep. 2016;14(3):2483-8. [DOI:10.3892/mmr.2016.5538] [PMID] []
13. Maspi H, Hosseini HM, Amin M, Fooladi AAI. High prevalence of extensively drug-resistant and metallo beta-lactamase-producing clinical Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran. Microb Pathog. 2016; 98:155-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2016.07.011] [PMID]
14. Khosroshahi SA, Farajnia S, Azhari F, Hosseini MK, Khanipour F, Farajnia H, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genotypes among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumanii in Tabriz, northwest of Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2017;10(6):1-6. [DOI:10.5812/jjm.13368]
15. Hirsch DR, Cox G, D'Erasmo MP, Shakya T, Meck C, Mohd N, et al. Inhibition of the ANT (2 ″)-Ia resistance enzyme and rescue of aminoglycoside antibiotic activity by synthetic α-hydroxytropolones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2014;24(21):4943-7. [DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.037] [PMID] []
16. Aliakbarzade K, Farajnia S, Nik AK, Zarei F, Tanomand A. Prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2014;7(10): e11924. [DOI:10.5812/jjm.11924] [PMID] []
17. Jafari S, Najafipour S, Kargar M, Abdollahi A, Mardaneh J, Fasihy Ramandy M, et al. Phenotypical evaluation of multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2013;2(4):254-8.
18. Nguyen M, Joshi SG. Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, and their importance in hospital‐acquired infections: A scientific review. J Appl Microbiol. 2021;131(6):2715-38. [DOI:10.1111/jam.15130] [PMID]
19. Aksoy MD, Çavuşlu Ş, Tuğrul HM. Investigation of metallo beta lactamases and oxacilinases in carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from inpatients. Balkan Med J. 2015;32(1):79-83. [DOI:10.5152/balkanmedj.2015.15302] [PMID] []
20. Jeon BC, Jeong SH, Bae IK, Kwon SB, Lee K, Young D, et al. Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing the OXA-23 β-lactamase in Korea. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43(5):2241-5. [DOI:10.1128/JCM.43.5.2241-2245.2005] [PMID] []
21. Alsan M, Klompas M. Acinetobacter baumannii: An emerging and important pathogen. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2010;17(8):363-9.
22. Melamed R, Greenberg D, Porat N, Karplus M, Zmora E, Golan A, et al. Successful control of an Acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect. 2003;53(1):31-8. [DOI:10.1053/jhin.2002.1324] [PMID]
23. Meric M, Willke A, Caglayan C, Toker K. Intensive care unit-acquired infections: Incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality in a Turkish university hospital. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2005;58(5):297-302. [DOI:10.7883/yoken.JJID.2005.297] [PMID]
24. Lynch III JP, Zhanel GG, Clark NM. Infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii in the ICU: Treatment options. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;38(3):311-25. [DOI:10.1055/s-0037-1599225] [PMID]
25. Garnacho-Montero J, Amaya-Villar R. Multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections: Epidemiology and management. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010;23(4):332-9. [DOI:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833ae38b] [PMID]
26. Seyedi Abhari S, Badmasti F, Aslani MM, Asmar M, Modiri L. Determining the pattern of antibiotic resistance and frequency of carbapenemase producing genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates isolated from patients hospitalized in Tehran teaching hospital. Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(4):3643-50
27. Teimourpour R, Mohammadshahi J, Arzanlou M, Habibzadeh S, Peeridogaheh H. Three-Year Trend of Antimicrobial Resistance of A. baumannii: A Retrospective Study from Ardabil, Northwestern Iran. Int. j res Appl basic med sci. 2020; 6 (3) :186-193
28. Fallah F, Taherpour A, Borhan RS, Hashemi A, Habibi M, Nia RS. Evaluation of Zataria multiFlora Boiss and Carum copticum antibacterial activity on IMP-type metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2013;26(4):193-8.
29. Sarhaddi N, Dolatabadi S, Amel Jamehdar S. Drug resistance pattern of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from burn reference department in northeastern Iran. Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2016;59(1):1-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.jgar.2016.10.009] [PMID]
30. Philips M. Acinetobacter Species. In Bennett JE, Dolin R,Blaser MJ editors. In Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. PA: Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Health Sciences. 2015: 2552-2558. [DOI:10.1016/B978-1-4557-4801-3.00224-1]
31. Asgin N, Otlu B, Cakmakliogullari EK, Celik B. High prevalence of TEM, VIM, and OXA-2 beta-lactamases and clonal diversity among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Turkey. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2019;13(9):794-801. [DOI:10.3855/jidc.11684] [PMID]
32. Ardabili A, Azimi L, Mohammadi-Barzlighi H, Owlia P, Beheshti M, Talebi M, et al. Determination of resistance pattern of isolated Acinetobacter baumannii from hospitalized burned patients in Motahari hospital, Tehran. J Adv Med Biomed Res. 2012;20(83):112-9.
33. Amini F, Karimpour HA, Vaziri S, Ghaderi M, Mohammadi S, Azizi M et al. Prevalence study of aminoglycoside resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from the patients in intensive care unit. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2016;34(407):1381-8.
34. Khashei R, Navabi Z, Mohebi S, Samadi N. Antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained from Shiraz Nemazi hospital ICU wards. Iran J Med Microbiol. 2018;12(4):294-300 [DOI:10.30699/ijmm.12.4.294]
35. Montefour K, Frieden J, Hurst S, Helmich C, Headley D, Martin M, et al. Acinetobacter baumannii: An emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen in critical care. Crit Care Nurse. 2008;28(1):15-25. [DOI:10.4037/ccn2008.28.1.15] [PMID]
36. Fournier PE, Richet H, Weinstein RA. The epidemiology and control of Acinetobacter baumannii in health care facilities. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42(5):692-9. [DOI:10.1086/500202] [PMID]
37. Tawakkol M, Mumtaz H. Detection of the most prevalent antibiotic resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates isolated from hospital infections and determination of their antibiotic resistance pattern. Biol J Microorg. 2015;4(14):71-82.
38. Ali Akbarzadeh K, Farajnia S, Karimi Nik A. Prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance genes in Acinetobacter buamannii isolates from patients in Tabriz city. J Microb World. 2013;6(3):219-27.
39. Ali Akbarzade K, Farajnia S, Karimi Nik A, Zarei F, Tanomand A. Prevalence of Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2014;7(10): e11924. [DOI:10.5812/jjm.11924] [PMID] []

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.